Understanding and relieving pain in people with dementia

People living with dementia might not always be able to express when they are in pain, but that doesn’t mean they don’t feel it. Identifying and managing it properly can greatly improve their quality of life.

What causes pain in dementia?

Many of the same conditions that cause pain in other people also affect those with dementia, including:

• Arthritis: joint pain and stiffness, particularly in the elderly.

• Injuries or falls: people with dementia may have trouble with balance, leading to falls and bruises.

• Infections: urinary tract infections (UTIs) or dental problems like toothache.

• Pressure sores: if someone sits or lies in the same position for too long.

Because dementia can affect communication, it’s important to look for signs like restlessness, changes in mood, facial expressions, or even changes in eating and sleeping habits.

Ways to relieve pain

There are a few ways you can help relieve pain for someone with dementia:

1. Medications: pain relief can be managed with medications such as paracetamol, prescribed by a doctor. Stronger painkillers may be needed for more severe pain, but it’s important to consult a healthcare professional first.

2. Gentle exercise: movement can help relieve stiffness and improve mobility. Light stretching or walking can ease joint pain.

3. Comfortable environment: ensure they are in a comfortable position, with supportive cushions or blankets. Reducing noise and distractions can help create a calming atmosphere.

4. Massage and warmth: a gentle massage or applying warmth to sore areas can help relax muscles and ease pain.

5. Regular check-ups: stay on top of dental care, eye check-ups, and overall health to catch any problems early.

When to get professional help

If you suspect someone you care for is in pain and the above steps don’t help, it’s important to speak to their GP or a healthcare provider. Regular check-ups and open communication with healthcare professionals are key to helping keep them comfortable and pain-free.

By paying close attention to their comfort and responding to signs of pain, you can make a big difference in the well-being of someone living with dementia.

Sources: Dementia UK, Alzheimer’s Society, NHS