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Urinary Tract Infections

How to deal with urinary tract infections

 A urinary tract infection (UTI) can be common in older people, and a person with dementia can be significantly affected. They may become more confused than usual, agitated, and delirious.

A UTI can sometimes be difficult to spot in a person with dementia, as mood swings, confusion, and frustration can be symptoms of dementia. However, it’s essential to look for any sudden changes in behaviour. A UTI can cause increased confusion and delirium, which can happen quickly.

An older person with dementia can be at greater risk of a UTI as they may forget to drink water and may be unable to tell you about their symptoms. Another possible cause is forgetting to wash or change their clothes regularly.

UTIs should be treated promptly, so if you notice a sudden behaviour change, don’t ignore it. Left untreated, they can become serious and result in a hospital admission that could have been avoided.

Physical symptoms of a UTI include:

  • Burning while urinating

  • A more frequent need to pee

  • Pain in the lower side, back or abdomen

  • Blood in the urine

  • Nausea and vomiting

  • A high temperature

  • A low temperature

  • Shivering

  • Wetting themselves (worse than usual)

Testing for a UTI

 A urine sample can be tested. If the person wears incontinence pads, a urine collection pack can draw a sample from the pad. Contact the person’s GP or NHS continence service for more information.

Treatment for a UTI

 Antibiotics are often prescribed; the infection should usually clear up in three to five days. However, it depends on the type of UTI, the treatment and the person’s medical history. If a person is susceptible to UTIs, they may need to take low-dose antibiotics for longer.

If the person feels better after a few days, they should continue their antibiotics.

When will the confusion go away?

A person with dementia who has a UTI may be confused for up to a week after their treatment has started. It may take them some time to recover fully. In most cases, confusion caused by a UTI will eventually go away.

How to prevent a UTI

  • Encourage the person to drink water or juice – six to eight glasses of fluid daily is ideal.

  • Make sure they only drink alcohol in moderation.

  • Prompt them to use the toilet regularly.

  • Make sure they know where the toilet is located.

  • Help the person maintain good personal hygiene.


Sources:

https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/get-support/daily-living/tips-to-prevent-UTIs#content-start

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/urinary-tract-infections-utis/